The Quran uses generalizations but we understand there are exceptions to these generalized statements.
Quran 6-38
And there is no creature on [or within] the earth or bird that flies with its wings except [that they are] communities like you.
Critic of the Quran- Animals such as the jaguar or leopard are well known for being solitary creatures, rarely meeting in pairs and only to mate. They do not live in communities
Quran 51- 49
And of all things We created two mates; perhaps you will remember.
Critic of the Quran–Not every creature procreates or reproduces through male and female sexual relationship. The whiptail lizard in South America, is an all-females species which reproduces by parthenogenesis. Viruses reproduce using a host’s DNA and are neither female nor male. Bacteria reproduce by cell division. Fungus can reproduce either sexually or asexually.There are species of plants that reproduce either asexually or through pollination.
We Respond
There are many similar generalities in the Qur’an and Hadith
1-“. A man can have nothing, except what he strives for” (Qur’an 53:39)
A geneneralization in the Quran but the EXCEPTIONS are that a Muslim benefits from the spiritual works of others, for example, from his fellow Muslims, the prayers of angels for him, the funeral prayer over him, charity given by others in his name, and the supplications of believers for him;
2-“Verily you and what you worship apart from Allah are the fuel of hell” (Qur’an 21:98).
A generalized statement in the Quran but the EXCEPTIONS are Jesus, his mother, and the angels.They are definitely, not “the fuel of hell”.
3-“But when they forgot what they had been reminded of, We opened unto them the doors of everything” (Qur’an 6:44),(This verse refers to those who disobeyed Allah SWT)
A generalized statement in the Quran but the EXCEPTION is that the doors of mercy were not opened unto them;
4-The hadith related by Muslim that the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) said,
“No one who prays before sunrise and before sunset will enter hell”,
This is a generalised expression.If someone who prays the dawn and midafternoon prayers and neglects all other duties,then this saying of the prophet does not apply ti them.
THE QURAN USES GENERALITIES BUT EXCEPTIONS EXISTS TO THESES GENERALIZED STATEMENTS.SIMILARLY WITH REGARDS TO STATEMENTS RELATED TO SCIENCE,EXCEPTIONS EXISTS AS WELL.